Interview preparation roadmap · Technology
Troubleshooting, operating systems and networks, SQL and logs, and calm, clear communication with customers.
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- 01Interview foundations
- 02Foundations
- 03Support core
- 04Practice
- 05Company & final prep
01Interview foundations
What every interviewer sees first.
01.1Resume
A one-page resume you can defend line by line.
What this covers
- One-page format — Reverse-chronological, clean fonts, no photos or tables that confuse parsers.
- Project bullets — Action + what you built + a number (users, speed, accuracy).
- Skills section — Only skills you can answer questions on for two minutes.
- ATS readability — Export a text-based PDF and check it with a parser.
- Working links — GitHub, LinkedIn and a live project link that open.
- Tailoring — Reorder bullets to match the job description.
What to practise
- Run your PDF through a parser test
- Rewrite each bullet as action + result
- Remove any skill you can't explain for 2 minutes
Common questions
- Walk me through your resume.
- Which project here are you most proud of, and why?
- Why is this skill on your resume?
Free resources
- OpenResume — Free ATS-friendly resume builder and parser test (Free)
- Jake's Resume (Overleaf) — The LaTeX resume template most SDE freshers use (Free)
- Resume Worded — Resume and LinkedIn scoring (Free plan)
- Jobscan — Match your resume against a job description (Free plan)
Free courses
- Professional Resume Writing — Alison (Free course)
- Resume, Networking, and Interview Skills — Fullbridge (Free to audit)
01.2Tell me about yourself
A 60–90 second answer: present, past, why this role.
What this covers
- Present — Who you are now: degree, year, focus.
- Past — One or two proof points: a project, internship or result.
- Future — Why this role and this company next.
- Length — 60–90 seconds; stop before you list everything.
- Delivery — Calm pace and eye contact, not a memorised script.
What to practise
- Write it, then say it out loud 5 times
- Record yourself and cut anything over 90 seconds
Common questions
- Tell me about yourself.
- Why should we hire you?
- Where do you see yourself in a few years?
Free resources
- Google Interview Warmup — Free spoken mock interview that prints your transcript (Free)
- BBC Learning English — Structured free English lessons and podcasts (Free)
Free courses
- English@Work: Basic Job Interview Skills — The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (Free to audit)
- Job Interview Preparation For Tech Professionals — University of Cape Town (Free to audit)
01.3Behavioral & STAR
Stories about teamwork, conflict and failure, told with STAR.
What this covers
- STAR structure — Situation, task, action, result. Spend most of the time on action.
- Story bank — 6–8 real stories you can reuse across questions.
- Teamwork & conflict — Disagreeing respectfully and what you changed.
- Failure & weakness — A real one, what you learned, what you do now.
- Ownership — Times you took initiative without being asked.
- Common HR questions — Why us, why you, strengths, relocation.
What to practise
- Write 6 stories in STAR form
- Map each story to 2–3 common questions
- Practise one story with a friend
Common questions
- Tell me about a time you failed.
- Describe a conflict in a team and what you did.
- What is your biggest weakness?
Free resources
- Tech Interview Handbook — Free guide to coding and behavioral interviews (Free)
- Google Interview Warmup — Free spoken mock interview that prints your transcript (Free)
- Pramp / Exponent peer mocks — Free peer-to-peer mock interviews (Free plan)
Free courses
- Master Behavioral Interviews (for Software Engineers) — freeCodeCamp (Free video)
- Behavioral Interview Practice for Computer Science Students — CodeSignal (Free to audit)
- Soft Skills For Tech Professionals — University of Cape Town (Free to audit)
01.4Spoken communication
Clear, structured answers in simple English, at a calm pace.
What this covers
- Structure first — Answer in one line, then give reasons or an example.
- Simple English — Short sentences beat fancy words.
- Pace and pauses — Slow down; a pause is better than a filler.
- Listening — Answer the question that was asked, then stop.
- Online calls — Camera at eye level, look at the lens, check your mic.
What to practise
- Record a 2-minute answer daily and note fillers
- Read aloud for 10 minutes a day
- Join one English conversation practice a week
Common questions
- Tell me something interesting you learned recently.
- Explain your final-year project to someone from another field.
Free resources
- BBC Learning English — Structured free English lessons and podcasts (Free)
- Google Interview Warmup — Free spoken mock interview that prints your transcript (Free)
- LanguageTool — Grammar checking that isn't Grammarly (Free plan)
Free courses
- Smart English for Professionals — Great Learning (Free course)
- Spoken English — Great Learning (Free course)
- Speaking And Writing English Effectively — Alison (Free course)
02Foundations
What you will troubleshoot.
02.1Operating systems
Processes, threads, scheduling, memory and deadlocks.
What this covers
- Processes & threads — Differences and context switching.
- CPU scheduling — FCFS, SJF, round robin, priority.
- Synchronisation — Race conditions, mutexes, semaphores.
- Deadlocks — The four conditions, prevention, avoidance.
- Memory management — Paging, segmentation, virtual memory.
- Page replacement — FIFO, LRU, optimal.
What to practise
- Draw the process state diagram from memory
- Explain a deadlock with a real example
Common questions
- Process vs thread?
- What are the four conditions for deadlock?
- What is virtual memory?
Free resources
- OSTEP (Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces) — Free operating systems book, chapter by chapter (Free)
- GeeksforGeeks — Company-wise questions and theory (Free plan)
Free courses
- Introduction to Operating Systems — IIT Madras (Free course)
- Operating Systems Course for Beginners — freeCodeCamp (Free video)
- Operating System Fundamentals — IIT Kharagpur (Free course)
02.2Computer networks
The OSI/TCP-IP layers and what happens when you open a URL.
What this covers
- OSI & TCP/IP models — What each layer does.
- TCP vs UDP — Reliability, handshakes, use cases.
- IP addressing — IPv4, subnets, private vs public.
- DNS — How a name becomes an address.
- HTTP & HTTPS — Methods, status codes, TLS basics.
- Type a URL, press Enter — The full journey, start to finish.
What to practise
- Explain "type a URL and press Enter" in 2 minutes
- Draw the TCP three-way handshake from memory
Common questions
- TCP vs UDP?
- What happens when you type google.com?
- What is DNS?
Free resources
- GeeksforGeeks — Company-wise questions and theory (Free plan)
- Beej's Guide to Network Programming — Plain-English networking and sockets, free online (Free)
Free courses
- Computer Networks and Internet Protocol — IIT Kharagpur (Free course)
- Computer Networks — IIT Madras (Free course)
02.3Linux & the command line
Everyday commands, permissions and processes.
What this covers
- Navigation & files — ls, cd, find, grep, less.
- Permissions — chmod, chown, users and groups.
- Processes — ps, top, kill, background jobs.
- Networking tools — curl, ping, ss, dig.
- Shell scripting — Variables, loops, pipes, exit codes.
- Logs & services — journalctl, systemctl, tail -f.
What to practise
- Solve the first 15 levels of a command-line wargame
- Write a script that backs up a folder daily
Common questions
- How do you find which process uses a port?
- What does chmod 755 mean?
Free resources
- OverTheWire: Bandit — Command-line security games, level by level (Free)
- Professor Messer — Free networking and IT support video courses (Free)
- MIT OpenCourseWare — Real MIT course material, free (Free)
Free courses
- Command Line Hacking – Over The Wire Bandit Walkthrough (CTF Wargame) — freeCodeCamp (Free video)
- Linux for Absolute Beginners — Alison (Free course)
- Linux Basics: The Command Line Interface — Dartmouth College (Free to audit)
03Support core
The main rounds.
03.1IT support & troubleshooting
Fixing user problems with hardware, OS, network and accounts.
What this covers
- Troubleshooting method — Identify, test, fix, verify, document.
- Operating systems — Windows and Linux basics, drivers, updates.
- Networking basics — IP, DNS, Wi-Fi problems.
- Accounts & access — Password resets, permissions, MFA.
- Ticketing & SLAs — Prioritising and writing clear notes.
- Customer handling — Calm, clear communication with users.
What to practise
- Write step-by-step fixes for five common problems
- Practise explaining a fix to a non-technical person
Common questions
- A user cannot connect to Wi-Fi. What do you check?
- How do you prioritise tickets?
Free resources
- Professor Messer — Free networking and IT support video courses (Free)
- Cisco Networking Academy — Networking, Python and cybersecurity courses with certificates (Free)
- Microsoft Learn — Free training for Azure, Python, data and AI (Free)
Free courses
- Working as an IT Support Technician — Alison (Free course)
- CompTIA A+ Support and Troubleshooting — Great Learning (Free course)
- IT Support Technician Foundations — Alison (Free course)
03.2SQL for interviews
Query questions that show up in many tech and data rounds.
What this covers
- SELECT basics — Filtering, sorting, LIMIT.
- Joins — Inner, left and self joins.
- Aggregation — GROUP BY, HAVING, COUNT DISTINCT.
- Subqueries & CTEs — Breaking a hard query into steps.
- Window functions — RANK, ROW_NUMBER, running totals.
What to practise
- 20 interview-style SQL questions
- Rewrite one long query using a CTE
Common questions
- Find the second-highest salary.
- INNER JOIN vs LEFT JOIN?
Free resources
- SQLZoo — SQL by doing, in the browser (Free)
- DataLemur — SQL and analytics interview questions (Free plan)
Free courses
- SQL and Relational Databases 101 — IBM (Free course)
- CS50's Introduction to Databases with SQL — Harvard University (Free video)
03.3How the web works
HTTP, browsers and the request lifecycle that web interviews build on.
What this covers
- HTTP basics — Methods, status codes, headers.
- Cookies, sessions & tokens — How login state is kept.
- Caching — Browser cache, CDN and cache headers.
- CORS — Why browsers block cross-origin calls and how servers allow them.
- REST vs GraphQL — Trade-offs at a basic level.
- From URL to page — DNS, TCP/TLS, request, render.
What to practise
- Inspect one site's network tab and explain each request
- Explain "type a URL and press Enter" in 3 minutes
Common questions
- What happens when you type a URL?
- What is CORS?
- Difference between cookies and local storage?
Free resources
- MDN Web Docs — The reference for HTML, CSS and JavaScript (Free)
- Full Stack Open — University of Helsinki's React/Node course (Free)
- GeeksforGeeks — Company-wise questions and theory (Free plan)
Free courses
- Programming & Web Development Crash Courses — Traversy Media (Free video)
- Sigma Web Development Course - Web Development Tutorials in Hindi 🗿 — CodeWithHarry (Free video)
- Web Development Course — Apna College (Free video)
04Practice
Handling a real customer.
04.1Mock interviews
At least two full practice interviews before the real one.
What this covers
- Realistic setting — Same format, time limit and dress as the real round.
- Common questions first — Introduction, motivation, experience, weaknesses.
- Feedback — Ask what was unclear or too long.
- Recording — Watch yourself once; fix fillers and pace.
- Role questions — Add 3–5 questions specific to your field.
What to practise
- Do two mock interviews with a friend or senior
- Use a spoken practice tool and read the transcript
Common questions
- Tell me about yourself.
- Why this role?
Free resources
- Google Interview Warmup — Free spoken mock interview that prints your transcript (Free)
- Pramp / Exponent peer mocks — Free peer-to-peer mock interviews (Free plan)
- Tech Interview Handbook — Free guide to coding and behavioral interviews (Free)
Free courses
- Software Engineering Job Interview – Full Mock Interview — freeCodeCamp (Free video)
04.2Technical communication
Explaining your thinking clearly in English.
What this covers
- Structure — Big picture first, then details.
- Plain words — Explain without jargon.
- Checking in — "Does that make sense so far?"
- Written English — Clear emails and follow-ups.
What to practise
- Explain one project to a non-CS friend
- Record a 2-minute explanation of your best project and listen back
Common questions
- Explain recursion to a 10-year-old.
Free resources
- BBC Learning English — Structured free English lessons and podcasts (Free)
- LanguageTool — Grammar checking that isn't Grammarly (Free plan)
Free courses
- Technical Communications for Engineers — IIT Roorkee (Free course)
05Company & final prep
The last 48 hours.
05.1Company research
The product, the role, the job description and recent news.
What this covers
- The business — What it sells and to whom.
- The role — What the job description really asks for.
- Recent news — Launches, results, announcements.
- Interview format — The rounds, if the company shares them.
- Your fit — Three reasons, matched to the job description.
What to practise
- Write 3 reasons you want this role
- Match 3 JD lines to your experience
Common questions
- Why do you want to work here?
- What do you know about our product?
Free resources
- GeeksforGeeks — Company-wise questions and theory (Free plan)
- Tech Interview Handbook — Free guide to coding and behavioral interviews (Free)
05.2Questions to ask
Two or three good questions for the end of the interview.
What this covers
- About the team — How work is planned and reviewed.
- About growth — Mentoring, learning, the first 90 days.
- About the product — What is hard right now.
- What to avoid — Questions a quick search answers.
What to practise
- Write 5 questions, keep the best 3
- Prepare one question about the team's own product
Common questions
- Do you have any questions for us?
Free resources
- Tech Interview Handbook — Free guide to coding and behavioral interviews (Free)
05.3Final checklist
Logistics, documents, setup and a calm night before.
What this covers
- Logistics — Time, timezone, link or address.
- Documents — Resume copies, ID, certificates if asked.
- Tech check — Camera, mic, internet, charger.
- Night before — Sleep, light revision, no new topics.
What to practise
- Do a 5-minute tech check the day before
- Lay out documents and clothes the night before
Free resources
- Google Interview Warmup — Free spoken mock interview that prints your transcript (Free)
05.4Job & interview safety
Spot fake offers, payment requests and fake interview links.
What this covers
- Payment requests — Real employers don't charge for jobs or training.
- Email domains — Check it matches the company's own site.
- OTPs & logins — Never share them with anyone.
- Fake interview links — Care with unknown chat apps and downloads.
- Reporting — The 1930 helpline and cybercrime.gov.in.
What to practise
- Check one recent offer against these rules
- Confirm the opening is listed on the company's own careers page
Free resources
- National Cyber Crime Portal — Report online fraud and job scams (Free)
- Have I Been Pwned — Check if your email appears in a data breach (Free)