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Mechatronics and Robotics + Robotics, IoT and Hardware

Design a maze-solving robot

Build a robot that explores a maze with wall sensors and then runs the shortest path.

  • DifficultyAdvanced
  • Estimated time2–4 weeks
  • Budget₹2,500–₹5,000
  • ClassCollege
  • Team2–4 people
  • You needArduino required

Prerequisites: None beyond your class work

Original · by TechnifyedHackathon ProjectRobotics ProjectHardwareTwo subjects

My projects

Overview

Build a robot that explores a maze with wall sensors and then runs the shortest path.

Skills you will use

Path algorithmsSensor arrays

Safety

  • Use only batteries or a low-voltage supply (12 V or less). Never connect a project to a wall socket.

Materials and tools

  • Arduino
  • Three distance sensors
  • Two motors with encoders
  • Chassis
  • A maze made of card walls

Tools and software

Arduino

Expected cost₹2,500–₹5,000About ₹3,000 at most, less if you borrow parts
Estimated duration2–4 weeks5 build steps, plus the report

Step-by-step roadmap

  1. Start

    You will finish with: a robot that solves a maze and runs faster the second time.

  2. 1

    Prerequisites

    Nothing special to know first. Then collect the 5 items in the materials list.

  3. 2

    Learn

    Read up on mobile robots: micromouse, search, wall following. Your textbook chapter and one short video are enough.

  4. 3

    Plan

    Sketch the design, list every part with its price and decide how you will know it works.

  5. 4

    Build

    1. Follow the left wall reliably.
    2. Detect junctions and dead ends.
    3. Record the turns taken.
    4. Simplify the recorded path by removing dead ends.
    5. Run the shortened path.
  6. 5

    Test

    Run it ten times in a row. Note every failure, fix the cause and test again.

  7. 6

    Document

    Photograph each build stage, keep the circuit or drawing, and note what failed and how you fixed it. Report structure

  8. 7

    Present

    Demonstrate it working first, then explain how it works and what you would improve. Presentation structure

  9. 8

    Publish

    Share a short video, the parts list and the drawing or code so someone else can build it.

Expected outcome

A robot that solves a maze and runs faster the second time.

Other versions of this project

Advanced version

Implement flood fill to find the true shortest path.

Ways to do this project

Text marked "You write this" is a prompt for your own work; everything else is specific to this project.

Research question
You write thisOne question you can answer with data, narrow enough to finish in the time you have.
Hypothesis
You write thisWhat you expect to find, and why.
Variables
You write thisWhat you change or compare, what you measure, and what you hold constant.
Methodology
You write thisDescribe the method in enough detail that someone else could repeat it: sample, tools, procedure.
Data collection
You write thisSay what you will record, how many times, and how you will keep the records safe.
Analysis
You write thisChoose the table, chart or test that answers the question; report averages with their spread.
Limitations
You write thisList what could have affected the result: small sample, instrument limits, things you could not control.

Literature review

Find five to eight sources (your textbook, review articles, reports) and note what each says about your question. Group them by idea, not one after another, and end with what is still not known.

References

List every source you used in one style throughout (author, year, title, where it was published, link and the date you opened it).

Working as a team

2–4 people. Suggested roles:

DesignHardware and buildCode or controlTestingDocumentationPresentation

Report and presentation

Report structure

  1. Title and aim
  2. The problem it solves
  3. How it works (principle)
  4. Parts list with cost
  5. Design: drawing, circuit or block diagram
  6. Build steps
  7. Testing and results
  8. Problems faced and fixes
  9. Limitations
  10. Future improvements
  11. References

Presentation structure

  1. The problem
  2. The idea
  3. How it works (one diagram)
  4. Parts and cost
  5. The build (photos)
  6. Live demo or video
  7. Test results
  8. What did not work
  9. Next version

Viva questions

Prepare your own answers to these before you present.

  • What is the aim of your project, in one sentence?
  • What is the principle behind it?
  • Why did you choose these materials or tools?
  • What result did you get, and was it what you expected?
  • What went wrong and how did you fix it?
  • How could this be improved or used in real life?

Resources

Arduino Course for Beginners - Open-Source Electronics PlatformfreeCodeCamp · Free video courseArduino Course for EverybodyfreeCodeCamp · Free video courseArduino vs Raspberry PiGreat Learning · Free course courseArduino documentationdocs.arduino.ccWokwi: free Arduino simulatorwokwi.com

Source and attribution

Original

Written by Technifyed. Free to use for your own school or college project; write the report in your own words. Added 1 Oct 2026.

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